SQLite seems not to run on my Nexus 5 with Android 5.1 using Ionic

I can run an Ionic App on my nexus 5 android 5.1 (not rooted). But when it comes to the SQLite opendb command, it throws an error "database could not be opened". On several other phones (even another nexus 5 android 5.1) the same app started the same way (either ionic run android or per apk installation) works. So it seems to be a problem of my phone only. I followed the tutorials and checked stackoverflow for tipps like "WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" permission which was already given. My phone was updated to android 5.1. All other Apps I use work without problems.

Any idea what could be wrong with my phone regarding SQLite?