Get index of first character apperence without extension functions?

Is it possible to find index of an character in SQLite without using extension functions?

I need to substring texts like below from the beginning until ( character in a SELECT statement.

• TT 15 (Something...)


• TT 5 (blabla...)

I cannot use instr in our version of SQLite (i think it is 3.6) and it's not possible to update SQLite either.